The sad state of voice support in cellular modems

Cellular modems have existed for decades and come in many shapes and kinds. They contain the cellular baseband processor, RF frontend, protocol stack software and anything else required to communicate with a cellular network. Basically a phone without display or input.

During the last decade or so, the vast majority of cellular modems come as LGA modules, i.e. a small PCB with all components on the top side (and a shielding can), which has contact pads on the bottom so you can solder it onto your mainboard. You can obtain them from vendors such as Sierra Wireless, u-blox, Quectel, ZTE, Huawei, Telit, Gemalto,...

First actual XMOS / XCORE project

For many years I've been fascinated by the XMOS XCore architecture. It offers a surprisingly refreshing alternative virtually any other classic microcontroller architectures out there. However, despite reading a lot about it years ago, being fascinated by it, and even giving a short informal presentation about it once, I've so far never used it. Too much "real" work imposes a high barrier to spending time learning about new architectures, languages, toolchains and the like.

Rather than having lots of fixed-purpose built-in "hard core" peripherals for interfaces such as SPI, I2C, I2S, etc. the XCore controllers have a combination of

I/O ports for...

Splitting the Atom

It’s not everyday that you meet someone with the talent and tenacity of Dave Banks (@hoglet67 on Twitter).  In less than three days, Dave ported his FPGA based Acorn Atom from Xilinx and VHDL across to Lattice ICE40 and verilog. The result is a fully functioning Acorn Atom – running on our latest open source FPGA board, BlackIce.

The Atom was a forerunner of the Acorn Electron and the BBC Micro. It used a 6502 microprocessor an provided a chunky colour display – which was virtually unknown back in 1980 when the Atom first appeared.

On Friday, Dave emailed me to say...

A Minimum Interactive Language Toolkit

In previous posts I began to describe a minimum interactive language toolkit which could work standalone in virtually any small microcontroller. Here are the following prerequisites I stated in the previous post:

This may appear to be a huge break from conventional wisdom, as virtually all embedded microcontroller development is done in high...

Minimal Computing – some more thoughts

This post is concerned with minimal computing – a subject that is close to my heart. I write this on the day that my Employers have suffered a major ransom-ware cyber attack on their servers and IT systems, bringing the companies activities to a virtual standstill.  To me this proves the fragility of the technology that we entrust for our day to day lives. There has to be a better, much simpler way……..

In the 1960s, the world of computing was evolving quickly as many new machines came on the market.  For code developers at that time, this presented a problem...

Osmocom jenkins test suite execution

Automatic Testing in Osmocom

So far, in many Osmocom projects we have unit tests next to the code. Those unit tests are executing test on a per-C-function basis, and typically use the respective function directly from a small test program, executed at make check time. The actual main program (like OsmoBSC or OsmoBTS) is not executed at that time.

We also have VTY testing, which specifically tests that the VTY has proper documentation for all nodes of all commands.

Then there's a big gap, and we have osmo-gsm-tester for testing a full cellular network end-to-end. It includes physical GSM modesm, coaxial distribution network, attenuators, splitter/combiners, real BTS hardware and...

Minimal CPUs – “One Page Computing”

As I continue to explore the boundaries between computing hardware, firmware and software as part of an effort to reduce the perceived complexity to something that I can understand, the idea arose for a computing platform with an artificially imposed simplicity.

Hackaday has run competitions for the best code application written in fewer that 1024 bytes of code, so this led me to think about what sort of computing machine could be constructed in fewer than 1024, 2-input NAND gates. Memory would not be counted.

It was whilst pondering this when I received a comment to a past blog post from “BigEd”...

Getting started with myStorm BlackIce

Getting Started with myStorm BlackIce

Introduction

myStorm BlackIce is a unique combination of low power FPGA and ARM microcontroller designed and manufactured specifically to bring affordable FPGA open source  hardware and software to Hobbyists, Makers and Students.

Working in conjunction with Clifford Wolf’s innovative open source FPGA development toolchain, known as “Project IceStorm”  it allows new digital designs to be written in verilog, synthesised and programmed into the FPGA.

The features found on BlackIce offer the user access to the widest variety of devices and expansion interfaces including PMODs, microSD, SRAM, LEDs switches and buttons.

External circuits connect via the PMOD connectors – and these...

IPv6 User Plane support in Osmocom

Preface

Cellular systems ever since GPRS are using a tunnel based architecture to provide IP connectivity to cellular terminals such as phones, modems, M2M/IoT devices and the like. The MS/UE establishes a PDP context between itself and the GGSN on the other end of the cellular network. The GGSN then is the first IP-level router, and the entire cellular network is abstracted away from the User-IP point of view.

This architecture didn't change with EGPRS, and not with UMTS, HSxPA and even survived conceptually in LTE/4G.

While the concept of a PDP context / tunnel exists to de-couple the transport layer from the structure and type of data...

UI Gripes: Season 1

'HID' stands for 'Human Interface Device'. I don't think I have any of those, and if I do, then they're definately broken.